Ventilating means for dynamo-electric machinery



April 13 1926.

J. SCHURCH VENTILATING MEANS FOR DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINERY Filed April 24, 1922 M Jkcos SCHU/PCM Patented Apr. 13, 1926.

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JACOB sonuaon, or Los ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNQR or ONE-HALF 'IO WILLIAM H.- nnrsn, or nos an ennas, oarirronina,

VENTILATING MEANS son nYnaMo-ntnc'rnro naonrnnnv;

Application filed April 24 1922. Serial No. 555,174.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it knownthat 1, Jason Sonunor'r, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Ventilatingl/leans for Dynamo-Electric Islachinery, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to dynamo electric machinery and is particularly applicable to a generator adapted to be driven by an internal combustion'engine andapplied to an automobile or other vehicle.

The principal object of my invention is to provide ventilating means for any type of rotating dynamo electric macnine; 7

Referring to the drawings, which are for illustrative purposes only: v Y i Y Fig. 1 is crosssection through the upper half of one embodiment of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a section on a plane indicated by the line 22 in Fig. 1."

Fig. 3 is a section on a plane, indicated by line 3-3 of Fig. 1, the windings being omitted forthe sake of clearance.

In the form of myinvention illustrated in the drawings, 11 is a frame fitted with housing 12 and 13. Carried in theframe 11 are field punchings 14: supported field windings 15 and 16. Rotating in bearings 17 and 18 secured in the housing 12' and 18 respectively,

is an armature shaft 20 which maybe conheated by means of coupling 21 with any suitable driving means. Carried on one end of the shaft 20, is a propeller fan 22, which is covered by a sheet metal housing 23. A cover 2 1 is secured on a lip 25, about an opening 26 in the housing 12, this cover 24 being 1 partially covered by a hood 2?, the hood between flanges formed on the end bells 30 and 31 are a series of armature punchings 36. The central portion of the center punchings 36 is cut out, as shown, at 37 to provide a radial duct, bridges 38 being left to form spokes supporting the cut-out punching's. The punchings oneitliei" side of space 3? are provided with ducts 39 which communicate with 40 formed inside the and tens,

these spaces 40 having outlet openings l through which airlis' forced'through arma ture windings 42 carriedin slots formed in the punchings 36. Cominutatorsand brush-holders 5'7 and 58'are provided in accordance with standard practice.

The method of operation of my invention is as follows Upon the shaf 20 being rotated, the fan 22 draws air through an opening in the housing 1.3,forcing this air radiallyoutward through a cavityhl formed in the housing 13, in the direction of the arrow 52. This creates a partial vacuum lnside the housing end of theihousingl2 is closed by a plate 5 1,

whichforms a portion of the driving means not shown. The air under pressure is forced toward the shaft'20 and into the ducts33,

a small portion oftheair'tending to pass directly through these ducts in the direction of the arrown56. V The arms or spokes 3&3

act, however, as a' centrifugal fan tendingto drawair from the ducts 33 and force it in aradial direction through the openings 37, this air dividing and passing through the openings 39 into the spaces l0 from which the air is passed through the openings 41 and through the armature windings 4-2 and between the field windings 15 and 16, thus cooling both windings. A portion of this air'is drawn out of the housing by the fan 22, and a portion passes backwardly from the left- :hand end of the armature, shown in Fig. 1,

being again drawn into the duct 38.

i WlSl1 to call particular attention to the slots 39, which are directly below and paral lel to the slots 4-8. It is common practice in armature construction to provide radial air ducts for cooling purposes. These radial air ducts, when applied to an armature, are not highly efficient in cooling the punchings and the coils of the armature, for the reason that although they cool the punchings on either side of the radial openings, they cannot cool any great distance in axial direction, due to heat transfer in this direction. The

Since the interior of "puiichings Ire ordinarily built up of ainateo. st l; arated l paper or.

eer heat in an axial direction, I obviate the necessity for any heat transfer in anaX-ial -direct-1on,--

the heat from the teeth between the slots L3 and from the bottom of' these-slotsbemg transmitted through a very'short distance in aradial direction to'the current of air in the ducts 39 This radial; heatztransfer being Wholly in th e' body of the metal,- is i very efl'ective'and: thedistancebeing short, I any able to provide very effective coolingwith a corresponding.lecrease:in; Weight and increase in etlicien'cy of the machine.

I claim as my invention 1. In" a dynamo, the' combinationofz. a

frame; field cores field coils -;s a shaft, jour naled-ln said frame;- a propeller fan mount-- ed-onwan end portion:ofsard shaft a; die

V tat-able by said-shaft ,toprovide forced an air-:inlet-;-a hood lal'ninated armature core having slot tllQIOll'l' extending parallelto the axis of Sfild'itlfllflk:

draft-for the dynamo; a housingat each side'- said housingsi'haying of said fraine one of for sard '21-11 inlet; a

ture'core; electric conductors-in said slots said core having ventilating ductsformed therein parallel to said slots and disposed between said slots and the axisof said armature -core, said-ventilating ducts being open at opposite ends and comprising two'- concentric series -said core having radial ducts communicating With sait series ofven tilati-n-g ducts,-sai-d core comprising spokes adapted to-act as fans means on either end of said armature core for supportmg the' By passingsaid .core and said field coils.

means being so formed that the air from the ducts -is-forecd radially outward between saidaconductors and adjacent the ends of 2/ In a dynamo electric machine, the combination of: a -honsing;- an air inlet at one end and an air outlet at the other end; field elements-carriedby said housing; a rotor provided with a shaft journaled in the housing; and an exhaust fan driv'en :by the "rotor to circulate vair thi'ouglr the housing, said rotor ihavingya firstserics of longitudinal ventilation ducts open at opposite ends and circularly disposed aroundand adjacent to, said shaft; a sec-'ond'series of longitudinal ventilation ducts open at oppo'site'ends and circularly disposed-'sbetaveen. said first" series and :the periphery of: the roton and radial ducts connecting the, mediahportion-of the longitudinal ducts of both-series, whereby air Will betentrained forwardly through said first series of ductslto. coo'lthe shaft and adjacent portions of the- *1'OtOZ ','EL portion of the airfentering saidfirst series of ducts be; ing entrainedthroughthe radial ducts and divided to: discharge ;.-forwardly and re ar- Wardly from the second s-eries of -ducts,- to uniformly cool-the outer portion of the rotor, and the housingbeing @formed' to i direct air discharging y-rearwardly from said second series of ducts to combine with the air entering the housing to maintain-a substantially uniformtemperature Within both end "pen tions of the housing;

i In testimony whereof, I have hereuntoset my handatwLosAngeles California, this 18th day ofApriLlQQ-Qi .v y

i JACOB SOHURCH; 

